2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Xanthine Oxidase

Xanthine Oxidase

XO

Xanthine Oxidase

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Xanthine oxidase (XO), a versatile molybdoflavoprotein, catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of purine substrates (hypoxanthine and xanthine) to produce uric acid and subsequent reduction of oxygen at the flavin center with the generation of reactive oxygen species, either superoxide anion radical or hydrogen peroxide.

Xanthine oxidase is an important enzyme of purine catabolism pathway and has been associated directly in pathogenesis of gout and indirectly in many pathological conditions like cancer, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The selective inhibition of xanthine oxidase may result in a broad spectrum therapeutic use for gout, cancer, inflammation and oxidative damage.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-146297
    Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-2 (Compound IVa) is a xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor with the IC50 of 7.2 nM. Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-2 shows hypouricemic effects in mice.
    Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-2
  • HY-174318
    NARS-3′
    		Inhibitor
    NARS-3′ is an orally active reversible xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor with the IC50 of 21.01 μM. NARS-3′ can competitively inhibit XO activity and reduce uric acid production. NARS-3′ can reduce renal damage in hyperuricemia mice. NARS-3′ can be used for the study of hyperuricemia.
    NARS-3′
  • HY-154393
    2-Chloro-2'-deoxy-6-O-methylinosine
    2-Chloro-2'-deoxy-6-O-methylinosine is a hypoxanthine analog. Hypoxanthine is a kind of purine base mainly present in muscle tissue. And it is a metabolite produced by purine oxidase acting on xanthine. Hypoxanthine has typical anti-inflammatory effects and is a potential endogenous poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. It is cytoprotective by inhibiting PAPR activity, inhibiting peroxynitrite-induced mitochondrial depolarization and secondary superoxide production. Hypoxanthine can also be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
    2-Chloro-2'-deoxy-6-O-methylinosine
  • HY-14874S
    Topiroxostat-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Topiroxostat-d4 is deuterium labeled Topiroxostat. Topiroxostat (FYX-051) is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.3 nM and a Ki value of 5.7 nM. Topiroxostat exhibits weak CYP3A4-inhibitory activity (18.6%). Topiroxostat has the potential for hyperuricemia treatment.
    Topiroxostat-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-161455
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-13
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-13 (Compound 10) is a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor (IC50: 149.56 μM for bovine xanthine oxidase). Xanthine oxidase-IN-13 can be used for research of inflammatory arthritis.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-13
  • HY-155123
    Antioxidant agent-13
    		Inhibitor
    Antioxidant agent-13 (Compound 5f) is an antioxidant agent. Antioxidant agent-13 inhibits DPPH and FRAP with IC50s of 80.33 and 85.69 μM. Antioxidant agent-13 also inhibits LOX and XO enzymes with IC50s of 16.85 and 23.01 μM.
    Antioxidant agent-13
  • HY-162961
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-16 is potent and orally active xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor with an IC50 of 102 nM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-16 shows significant efficacy in hyperuricemia rats.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-16
  • HY-Y0106R
    2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (HY-Y0106). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone, a polyphenolic derivative of Acetophenone (HY-Y0989), is an orally active mTOR inhibitor. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone shows antioxidant activity. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone inhibits cell growth and proliferation in CRC cells. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone arrests at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, induces apoptosis and suppresses cell migration in CRC cells. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone inhibits xanthine oxidase (XOD) with an IC50 of 1.24 mM. 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone improves uric acid metabolism in hyperuricemia mice, reduces plasma cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats, and inhibits lipid accumulation in HFD-induced obese mice. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone can be used for the study of colorectal cancer (CRC), hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia.
    2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Standard)
  • HY-179030
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-19
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-19 (Compound 13i) is an orally effective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XO), with an IC50 of 0.2 μM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-19 can significantly reduce serum uric acid levels in acute hyperuricemia rat models. Xanthine oxidase-IN-19 can be used for the study of acute hyperuricemia.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-19
  • HY-W039271
    2-Chloro-6-methoxypurine riboside
    2-Chloro-6-methoxypurine riboside is a hypoxanthine analog. Hypoxanthine is a kind of purine base mainly present in muscle tissue. And it is a metabolite produced by purine oxidase acting on xanthine. Hypoxanthine has typical anti-inflammatory effects and is a potential endogenous poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. It is cytoprotective by inhibiting PAPR activity, inhibiting peroxynitrite-induced mitochondrial depolarization and secondary superoxide production. Hypoxanthine can also be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
    2-Chloro-6-methoxypurine riboside
  • HY-N0196A
    Baicalein hydrate
    		Inhibitor
    Baicalein hydrate (ALA; C18:3 (9Z,12Z,15Z); C18:3 n-3) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3.12 μM.
    Baicalein hydrate
  • HY-116433
    Nequinate
    		Inhibitor
    Nequinate, a quinoline compound, is an anticoccidial agent against cecal coccidiosis (Eimeria tenella) infections. Nequinate inhibits xanthine oxidoreductase (XOD) activity.
    Nequinate
  • HY-180186
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-20
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-20 is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.7 nM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-20 exhibits outstanding serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering efficacy in both mouse and rat acute hyperuricemia models. Xanthine oxidase-IN-20 shows favorable safety profile. Xanthine oxidase-IN-20 can be used for hyperuricemia and gout research.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-20
  • HY-N0778R
    Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside (HY-N0778). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside is a flavonoid. Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside can be isolated from Typha angustifolia. Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside inhibits xanthine oxidase activity with an IC50 of 48.75 μg mL. Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside has antioxidant and osteoclastogenic activities. Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside can be used in research of bone.
    Isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside (Standard)
  • HY-154017
    2′-C-Methyl-6-O-methylinosine
    2′-C-Methyl-6-O-methylinosine is a hypoxanthine analog. Hypoxanthine is a kind of purine base mainly present in muscle tissue. And it is a metabolite produced by purine oxidase acting on xanthine. Hypoxanthine has typical anti-inflammatory effects and is a potential endogenous poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. It is cytoprotective by inhibiting PAPR activity, inhibiting peroxynitrite-induced mitochondrial depolarization and secondary superoxide production. Hypoxanthine can also be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
    2′-C-Methyl-6-O-methylinosine
  • HY-N9324
    Ilexoside O
    		Inhibitor
    Ilexoside O is a triterpene saponin isolated from the roots of Ilex pubescens. Ilexoside O exhibits weak xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity (IC50=53.05 μM).
    Ilexoside O
  • HY-162882
    CC15009
    		Inhibitor
    CC15009 is a xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 0.237 nM. CC15009 can inhibit the oxidative subtype of XOR, thereby reducing the production of the byproduct ROS and exhibiting antioxidant activity. CC15009 has demonstrated a good dose-dependent uric acid-lowering effect in two different mouse models of hyperuricemia induced by XOR substrates.
    CC15009
  • HY-129889
    Febuxostat acyl glucuronide
    		Inhibitor
    Febuxostat acyl glucuronide (Febuxostat acyl-β-D-glucuronide) is a metabolite of Febuxostat (HY-14268). Febuxostat is a potent, selective and non-purine xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor.
    Febuxostat acyl glucuronide
  • HY-N17914
    Smilaxchinoside A
    		Inhibitor
    Smilaxchinoside A is an orally active steroidal glycoside found in the roots of S. riparia. Smilaxchinoside A reduces serum uric acid levels and shows potent uricosuric activity. Smilaxchinoside A inhibits XOD activity and downregulates renal mURAT1 expression. Smilaxchinoside A can be used for the research of hyperuricemia.
    Smilaxchinoside A
  • HY-N3906
    Fraxamoside
    		Inhibitor
    Fraxamoside is a competitive xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 16.1 μM and a Ki of 0.9 μM.
    Fraxamoside
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity